Appraising an organisation’s environment The WritePass Journal

Evaluating an organisation’s domain Presentation Evaluating an organisation’s domain ). The principle extraordinary selling point is ascribed to the way that this association recognizes the incredible intensity of web-based social networking and innovation. This suggests the gathering pledges exercises are kept up by methods for social and intelligent advancements. Furthermore, this association is utilizing revenue driven methodology, which proposes that the raising money exercises create income for (NUSA Official Website, 2012). Point and Objectives The point is distinguished so as to give the rules to the examination proposition (Saunders et al., 2009). The fundamental point of this proposition is to investigate the advantages and inconveniences of the key ecological examining procedures in the key administration setting. The littler destinations include: To differentiation and analyze the natural filtering procedures To recognize the primary natural checking strategy that would be useful with regards to vital arranging and the board To assess long haul ramifications of the picked ecological filtering strategy Method of reasoning There are various strategies accessible for ecological filtering. Natural filtering is respected to be the most significant undertaking preceding key arranging and management.â The picked ecological scanningâ model for the reasons for this examination , depends on the adherence to the principle targets related toâ condition assessment. These destinations incorporate the recognizable proof of the exercises, the assessment of the procedures, the examination of the data sharing procedure and examination of data created. Accordingly, the natural examining model depends on execution of PESTEL investigation, Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, Internal Analysis and Consumers (allude to the beneath exhibited model). This procedure depends on the use of both full scale and miniaturized scale natural assessments, specifically PESTEL and SWOT investigation. PESTEL investigation is structured so as to recognize the principle outside powers that may develop and along these lines sway the association (Johnson and Scholes, 2009). These powers, to be specific in the political, financial, social, mechanical, ecological and legitimate spaces, are wild (Johnson and Scholes, 2009). Along these lines, these must be distinguished so as to have the option to react to their rising up out of a vital perspective.â SWOT is a smaller scale level examination, which fills in as an establishment for recognizable proof of things to come openings and dangers for the organization (Ip and Koo, 2004). Deft framework recognizes the fundamental exercises that might be acted according to the distinguished discoveries as far as the conceivable reaction (Ip and Koo, 2004). Porter’s Five Forces, is the key structure, which is used so as to distinguish the seriousness of the association inside the business. This is set up with the assistance of the investigation of the impacts of the principle serious powers, specifically the intensity of purchasers, the intensity of providers, danger of substitutes, danger of new contestants and the level of competition (Porter, 1985). The discoveries exhibit the industry’s powers that are seen to be feeble along these lines might be exploited in the vital setting. At long last, the last phase of the ecological examination intends to research the buyer conduct and the key shopper patterns. It is explicitly centered around the distinguishing proof of the examples of purchaser conduct and shopper needs. It is kept up so as to apply the systems that would influence the expansion of consumer loyalty and further extension of the intended interest group (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). The data sharing procedure depends on the usage of the top down sharing methodology. This suggests the data is moved from the administrative levels to business and useful levels (Anderson, 2007). This empowers brisk promotion encouraged data preparing from the leaders to the individuals from a useful level. Analysis of a Chosen Technique In spite of the viability and extent of the picked procedure, it is as yet dependent upon a specific level of analysis. This suggests this system doesn't consolidate the assessment of the social effects, which would be appropriate, given the idea of the raising support business (Becker, 2001). A PESTEL investigation makes reference to social effects, though Opportunistic network includes assessment of the cultural powers (Correia and Wilson, 2001). Then again, this natural checking structure permits us to assess the organization from the organization’s, industry’s and customer points of view, which adds the profundity to the potential discoveries. Other than that, this model intends to distinguish the key patterns that may develop. As the outcome, in view of the distinguished discoveries, the association may design future procedures that would help because of the potential patterns. Despite the fact that, a PESTEL investigation will in general consolidate the hazard examination, substantially more progressed and inside and out hazard assessment may have been performed by IRGC (Model of Risk Governance) (Petts, 2008). Be that as it may, given the extent of the structure and genuine business, this investigation may have been seen as excessively particular. Porter’s Five Forces, is a valuable model for industry’s examination. In any case, it has been created corresponding to the possibility that contemporary market is great. This isn't correct, in this manner this system neglects to address a few issues that would be pertinent to the blemished market. Strategy It is prescribed to play out the examination based on mix of the optional exploration. The principle sources will be obtained from the scholarly and expert books and diaries, databases , reports and news reports. The optional exploration is respected to be restricted, since the material for it is gathered and dissected at east 1-2 years before distribution. In this way, the sources might be viewed as out of date and obsolete (Saunders et al., 2009). End This paper, structured in the configuration of a proposition, has been delivered so as to distinguish and assess the best natural examining model with regards to key administration. The paper shows the most appropriate natural examining procedure for the altruistic association, to be specific NUSA. This association has practical experience in gathering pledges and is based at Nottingham University. The ecological checking model comprises of four primary stages, to be specific PESTEL investigation, Porter’s Five Forces, SWOT examination and Consumer Evaluation. This examination is respected to be multidimensional subsequently adding profundity to the assessment. In spite of it being a very viable structure, it despite everything has pulled in some analysis. This suggests there is absence of assessment from the social point of view, given the idea of the raising support business. Moreover, bigger center ought to have been applied to the potential dangers assessment. Other than t hat, this structure demonstrates toâ be gainful and powerful from the vital point of view. References Anderson, (2007), â€Å"Social systems and the psychological inspiration to acknowledge arrange openings: an investigation of supervisors data gathering behaviours†,â Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol.29,Iss.1, pp.51-78 Becker H. (2001), â€Å"Social Impact Assessment†, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.16, Iss.2, 311-321 Correia, Z. furthermore, Wilson, T.D. (2001), â€Å"Factors inï ¬â€šuencing ecological checking in the hierarchical context†, Information Research, Vol. 7, Iss. 1,  Available at http://InformationR.net/ir/7-1/paper121.html, (Accessed on 21st November, 2012) Ip, Y.K. furthermore, Koo, L.C. (2004), â€Å"BSQ vital detailing system: a half and half of adjusted scorecard, SWOT investigation and quality capacity deployment†, Managerial Auditing Journal, Vol. 19, pp. 533â€543. Johnson, G., Scholes, K. furthermore, Whittington, R., (2009), Fundamentals of Strategy, p.102, London: Prentice Hall Kotler P., Armstrong G., (2010), Principles of Marketing, thirteenth ed., Pearson: USA NUSA Official Website (2012), â€Å"NUSA’s Mamelodi Fundraising Page†, Available: justgiving.com/NUSAMamelodiFundraising/(Accessed on 2ast November 2012) Petts J., (2008), â€Å"Public commitment to assemble trust: bogus hopes?† , Journal of Risk Research, Vol.11, Iss.6, 811-832 Watchman, M.E., (1985), Competitive Advantage, Free Press: New York Saunders, M.N.K., Lewis, P., and Thornhill, A. (2009), Research Methods for Business Students, fifth ed., Prentice Hall: UK

Murder Mystery Comedy Plays

Murder Mystery Comedy Plays Crowds love a decent pant initiated by a stunning homicide riddle. They additionally cant get enough of giggling actuated by wacky characters and droll hijinks. Consolidate the two universes and youve got a mainstream type known as the homicide riddle parody. Obviously, on the grounds that you have those fixings doesnt mean the play will really be dramatic, baffling, or even clever. When youve got a lot of dead bodies in front of an audience, the satire will get very dim, so it takes an extraordinary kind of writer to appropriately weave the ghastly with the doltish. Here are a couple of homicide riddle comedies that hit the nail on the head! The Musical Comedy Murders of 1940 Composed by John Bishop, this absurd whodunnit doesn't take a Sherlock Holmes to uncover the miscreants. Be that as it may, it creates enough pandemonium to leave you speculating about what will occur straightaway. A blizzard infringes upon the bequest of a well off donor, a supporter of expressions of the human experience who has considered together an acclaimed songwriting group, a famous chief, a Broadway maker, and a couple of theater wannabes. They feel that they are pitching the following melodic extravaganzaâ when, truth be told, they have been called so as to find the Stagedoor Slasher, a crazy person (or madwoman) who murdered three chorale young lady artists and could possibly slaughter once more. Toss in some Nazi government agents, cross-dressing sociopaths, and a blundering police investigator, and you have a homicide puzzle satire with a vintage style. The Musical Comedy Murders of 1940 is accessible at Dramatists Play Service. (Also, for those of you entertainers who can't sing and additionally move, dont stress. Theres scarcely any music and no movement with the exception of some crazy battle groupings). The Bold, the Young, and the Murdered There must be something naturally interesting about entertainers managing frightening executioners since its a well known subject found in comedic murder secrets, including this one by Don Zolodis. Heres the concise summation gave by the distributers at Playscripts: The long-running drama The Bold and the Young is in its last days: its hunky legend has confidence issues, its contemptible elderly person is progressively inspired by soup, and its courageous women are marginally psychopathic. The official maker gives the quarreling cast a final offer: Complete one scene short-term or the show kicks the bucket. Be that as it may, when the executive winds up killed, and other cast individuals begin dropping like flies, it appears as though his danger may really work out as expected. Can these mavericks find the killer before the show is truly murdered off? The content loans itself pleasantly to secondary school dramatization understudies and expert entertainers the same. Theres something freeing about giving up and pouring on that drama cheesiness. Command for Murder Pat Cook is the ace of sensational comediesâ and can wrench out senseless characters so quick, his PC console must be smoking when hes done. (Tim Kelley woulds be glad!) Most Cook comedies are as amusing as the dramatist is productive. Order for Murder, brought to you by Eldridge Plays, is no special case. Also, its an impact for network theaters to perform, particularly around political decision time. At the point when a political assistant is cut to death and the homicide weapon is a blade pulled from a birthday cake, the wrongdoing settling characters have a great deal of inquiries to pose. In any case, they arent the main ones. The crowd gets the opportunity to cross examine the suspects as well, not just that-before the finish of the night, they get the chance to cast a ballot in the political decision! The Murder Room This comedic jewel by Jack Sharkey brings back a huge amount of secondary school recollections. We invested the same amount of energy taking a shot at the set, with the entirety of its snare entryways and mystery doors, as we did taking a shot at the lines. Like other wacky puzzles, this one highlights a wide assortment of characters (almost every one of them ought to be played with English pronunciations). With the entirety of its mistakes and messed up deaths, before the finish of the play the crowd isnt sure on the off chance that anybody has really been slaughtered off. It additionally gives proper respect to Sleuth in that characters who probably left the storyline return into the play wearing a shrewd mask. The 39 Steps Inventively adjusted from a Hitchcock great, the comic magnum opus The 39 Steps rises above the class. Crowds rave about the constant parody, the incredibly imaginative blocking, and the four adaptable entertainers who play more than one hundred characters. Coordinated by Maria Aitken and adjusted for the phase by Peter Barlow, this absurd tribute to Hitchcock spine chillers has been charming crowds since 2005.

The Sentencing Phase in the United States Research Paper

The Sentencing Phase in the United States - Research Paper Example The examination paper The Sentencing Phase in the United States bargains on the condemning period of the criminal equity framework and attempts to talk about a portion of the more pressing issues in regards to this critical stage. The equity framework shapes the third leg of the group of three in the treatment of criminal cases, the other two being law authorization framework and the reformatory or amendments framework. Each of the three must cooperate for corrective approvals to be powerful as an obstacle to the commission of wrongdoings. The wheels of equity can surely crush gradually and now and again it takes a very long time for the casualties to get vindication and equity for the damage done to them. One might say, the worry to be so mindful so as to abstain from punishing the guiltless is the primary driver of this gradualness in the equity framework. No criminal equity framework is great. Nevertheless, it ought not forestall society nor block the legislature from forcing equity for degenerate practices. The thought is that the framework must be outfitted towards reasonableness and fairness; imperfections in the framework can be remedied after some time and should not antagonistically influence the feeling of trust by the individuals that the framework is in reality reasonable. Slips by in the methodology, procedures, and practices must not sabotage the entire legitimate framework. There are a great deal of factors that can bewilder and befuddle the defendants in numerous examples. An individual can quit the criminal equity framework through a supplication deal understanding that will diminish the sentence to be forced and may expose the respondent to probation.

The Key to Successful Psychology Thesis

The Key to Successful Psychology Thesis All you have to do is to select the topic that you own a passion for, or that you wish to find out more about. When you have decided what you would like to do, you can narrow it down to a couple topics that actually interest you. The very first step in trying to find a superb dissertation topic on psychology is to dedicate a little time and research for a topic one is acquainted with. When you've finalized the topic for your clinical psychology undertaking, the next thing to do is to begin researching. PhD research takes a subject area to really research and you'll be encouraged to select your topic area very carefully. Thus you will discover a whole lot of interesting topics in the domain too. Once you have succeeded in finalizing a topic, you have to compose your dissertation following a normal format. If you locate an overall research topic interesting, you will most likely wind up asking a wide variety of questions regarding this issue and about the data that you're collecting and analyzing. Psychology Thesis Ideas In summary, a thesis is a thorough overview of the student's work and experience. The theory it supports is college students are lacking knowledge about both the advantages of sleep along with the ways to better their quality of sleep. As an example, many students gain from short freewriting sessions that enable them to think through problems and produce solutions in a stress-free method. There are lots of important learning styles that you are able to describe and then analyze how every one of them helps students improve their grades. Psychology Thesis Explained It's also intersubdisciplinary since it encompasses all the standard subdisciplines of psychology. Clinical psychology is just one of the most well-known subfields within psychology. Forensic psychology is a fairly young area of scholarship. Development psychology is centered on the lifespan of human beings, so you've got quite a few topics to select from. Writing a psychology thesis may be absolutely the most exciting portion of your psychology program. It is the vast research area and you will have to study deeply to write psychology thesis. Psychology and law play a substantial part in postgraduate education and professional improvement. Counseling psychology is just one of many branches of psychology. Here's What I Know About Psychology Thesis The essay isn't as scary as it appears. If you get bored with your topic you're going to find it rather challenging to do your research and write your psy dissertation. You can also find a synopsis of the way to structure your dissertation in section three below. The search for a fantastic topic for your psychology essay can be quite frustrating should you not understand where to begin. Once you've got an idea in mind, the next thing to do is to learn more about the way to run a psychology experiment. To put it differently, it would be a fantastic idea at which you could do some st udy into the subject and produce ideas that throw fresh light about it. Do extensive researches to find out what type of topic will provide you with comfort to explain with much clarity. Carry on reading to learn several topics that you are able to consider. The 30-Second Trick for Psychology Thesis You can concentrate on the effects of the subsequent topics on the nature and development of a young child, adult or elderly. A recent study showed that people who utter self-affirmations might be less inclined to follow a goal as soon as they experience failure. Then the research will explore external aspects that promote resiliency. In conclusion, it has found that many children are born with a natural disposition to overcome obstacles. Writing a wonderful dissertation on educational psychology begins with the collection of an excellent topic. As a result, if you prefer to prepare your psychology thesis papers at the graduation or post graduation degree, you might have to th row focus on specific regions of interest. The thesis has to be adequately supported by the content in the last paper. A thesis that involves just a review of the literature isn't acceptable as a thesis in Psychology, irrespective of how extensive it can be. The Tried and True Method for Psychology Thesis in Step by Step Detail Your PhD research is something which you're likely to be doing for many decades so if you're going to select the best topic you have to make certain you choose something which you're likely to maintain your interest in. What follows, was made to get you considering the early essential stages in the research practice. Your thesis idea ought to be one which can be backed by means of a lot of verified data. You will talk about the notion of the undertaking.

Analysis Of The Story Cathedral By Raymond Carver

The Story â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver is about true blindness and the effects of emotional contact. Peterson studies the use of determiners, a and the, that refer to the blind man in the story and its effects to establish the atmosphere of the story. He states that the change in determiner seems subtle, but these subtle changes are significant because the changes show how narrator feel about Robert throughout the story. Nesset studies the sexual polices and the love lives in several Carver’s stories. He discusses how Carver wrote his stories based on less of love and more of love withdrawal. Also Facknitz addresses rediscovery of human worth and the effects of emotional touch by discussing three short stories written by Carver. He analyses each narration of the narrator and comments based on psychological manner. The story â€Å"Cathedral† suggests the meaning of true blindness does not only refer to physical disability; it refers to those people who canno t see the world from other’s perspectives and it can be overcome through emotional contact. The story â€Å"Cathedral† by Carver Raymond was published in 1983, when about 11.7 percent of the US population was considered poor by government standards (Aker 45). Tim Akers mentions that around this year, the wages people got from their employers were not sufficient to raise them out of the poverty level (Aker 45). Akers adds that like in the 1980s, Carver experienced poverty even though both he and his wife worked for a living (AkerShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Story Cathedral By Raymond Carver Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesHannah Artille November 22, 2016 Words: When Three Stories Collide There are three short stories with characters who are very alike. In the short story â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver, the protagonist, Bub, has an unwanted visitor. Similarly, in the story â€Å"Everyday use† by Alice Walker, the character Dee visits her mother and sister, which turns into a very unpleasant encounter. Lastly, the main character, Hulga, in â€Å"Good Country People† by Flannery O’Connor, is deceived by her visitor, a bibleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Cathedral 1734 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Cathedral is a famous short story by American writer and poet Raymond Carver. The story was first published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1981 and appeared in The Americas Best Short Stories in 1982. In the short story cathedral, the unnamed narrator’s wife’s blind friend is coming to visit. The narrator isn’t thrilled about his wife’s blind friend coming to visit nor is he happy that the man is blind. Later in the evening the narrator experiences a life changing realization of the trueRead MoreAP and Cathedral Comparison Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesMallory Russell 06/12/15 Comparison Essay ENG 102 Online â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver versus â€Å"A + P† by John Updike In the short stories â€Å"Cathedral† by Raymond Carver and â€Å"A + P† by John Updike the protagonists experience an epiphany that change their restricted way of thinking. The main character, â€Å"Sammy† in John Updike’s, â€Å"A + P† is a teenage boy working in the town grocery store. Sammy experiences an epiphany when he decides to quit his job at the grocery store. He quit because he believedRead MoreRaymond Carver with Cathedral and John Updike with AP979 Words   |  4 PagesRaymond Carver with â€Å"Cathedral† and John Updike with â€Å"AP† â€Å"Cathedral† and AP both short stories written during the same century. But even though they both introduce stereotypical characters that somehow change their view of the world, they have many more different aspects. The stories differ in atmosphere and the quantity of people involve in each story. The story â€Å"Cathedral† only took place in a family house with only the husband, wife who can be qualified as a static character tried to killRead MoreCathedral: Allegory of the Cave and Narrator1208 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿1/23/14 Comparative Literary Analysis Performance Task Allegory of the Cathedral As the philospoher Seneca once said, â€Å"It is the power of the mind to be unconquerable.† Raymond Carver’s Cathedral is a story about a man who started out as a closed-minded man but, throughout the story his character changes as he begins to bond with his wife’s friend, Robert, a man who is blind. Plato’s Allegory of the cave is a story about a prisoner who is freed from being locked in chains living all ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1696 Words   |  7 Pagesghosts in their closets; something they are running from, or trying to bury alive. Cathedral, written by Raymond Carver, takes place in the early 1980’s. Originally published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1981. Carver slightly revised the story and re-released it in 1983. At a time when the blue collar working class lived paycheck to paycheck, working hard for newfound luxuries such as color television, this short story is humorous and eye-opening for the reader. For adult s ranging from thirty to fortyRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1426 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis in Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral†: The Narrator Literature has the potential to act as a mirror by presenting people’s lived experiences, expectations, and perceptions through characters. Such is what can be deciphered through the analysis of different characters in Raymond Carver’s story â€Å"Cathedral.† This paper focuses on the narrator of the story portrayed by the author as blind, which is used metaphorically not to imply physical blindness, but the inability to have reasonedRead MoreThe Two Sides Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pagesout more of said idea or choosing to remain as is. Cathedral by Raymond Carver is a story that gives us a look into what it is like to have our views challenged through experiencing them first hand. We are introduced to the story by narration and we are given a brief summary of how his wife and the blind man had met from the narrrator. We learn that the blind man is named Robert, he is the only character that is named and described in the story. After the exchange of gree tings and very detailedRead MoreMinimalism by Raymond Carver Essay3013 Words   |  13 PagesCriticism Minimalism by Raymond Carver English 210 P. Fishman Research Paper Literary Criticism on Minimalism by Raymond Carver Raymond Carver was a master of the short story during the mid nineteenth century due to his unique minimalistic style. Carver has his own artistic signature when it comes to writing, he tells his stories using the least amountRead MoreThe Theme Of Blindness In Raymond Carvers Cathedral745 Words   |  3 PagesIn Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† the narrator is seen to show ignorance and bias towards blindness throughout the story, however towards the end he realizes his flaws and the difference between looking and seeing. From the beginning of the story to the end you can see a change within the narrator after his encounter with the blind man. At the end of Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Cathedral† the narrator hopes to accomplish a change in his understanding of himself, and his experience with Robert flickers this change

Introduction Of Industrial Revolution And The War Of 1812

Introduction of Industrial Revolution in United States: The Industrial Revolution resulted in a shift from agriculture to industrial factories. In the United States, there were two phases of the Industrial Revolution. The first revolution, which happened between 1776 and 1789, was somewhat similar to Britain s Industrial Revolution and more political. The second phase of the American Industrial Revolution which happened from 1860 to 1900, was not only political but also was the great development of economic and society. The Industrial Revolution first began in North America. This location was very important for the sparking of the revolution because the railroad , which was one of the causes of industrialization, was built here. The Historical Catalysts of Industrial Revolution: †¢ The Embargo Act and the War of 1812: In the early 1800s, the Napoleonic Wars between Britain and France challenged the neutrality of the United States. Britain and France created trade restrictions which was not only peaking others’ economies but also disrupting American trade. Therefore, President Thomas Jefferson decided to announce the Embargo Act of 1807, which supported Americans producing their own goods because it banned the trade of foreign goods. Not long after the Embargo act, the War of 1812 changed the Americans’ thoughts about industrialization. During the War of 1812, Americans wanted Britain to draw their soldiers out of United States and stop supplying guns and ammunitionsShow MoreRelatedIntroduction Of The American Industrial Revolution1467 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction of the American Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution resulted in a shift from agriculture to industrial factories. In the United States, there were two phases of the Industrial Revolution. The first revolution, which happened between 1776 and 1789, was somewhat similar to Britain s Industrial Revolution and more political. The second phase of the American Industrial Revolution, which happened from 1860 to 1900, was not only political but also led to great improvements ofRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Cotton Gin By Eli Whitney1586 Words   |  7 Pagesterritories where they worked the cotton fields. Napoleon and Jefferson’s Louisiana purchase was in correlation with Napoleon’s interest more concerned with European war and economics rather than western states. Toussaint Louverture’s successful Haitian Revolution was one of the factors in Napoleon’s decision. The Haitian Revolution started as the free mixed race citizens rebelled and then slaves seized their opportunity to revolt. T his instilled fear in Americans and a growing concern that AmericanRead MoreThe Philosophy of the American Settlers Westward Expansion Leads to Expulsion of the Native Americans1197 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle Young America, â€Å"†¦a philosophy that led to the expulsion of Native Americans from lands east of the of the Mississippi.† Conflicts with the Indians about land and territorial boundaries arose quickly. New technologies coming from the Industrial Revolution in Europe spurred the American economy and augmented the number of manufacturing plants in the United States. It increased agricultural production efficiency, turning the United States into one of the major players in the world economy. TheRead MoreSummary : Forging The National Economy1664 Words   |  7 Pagesimmigrate and move west Germans were generally more educated than other immigrants, especially Americans, leading them to oppose slavery The German Forty-Eighters Germans, like the Irish, immigrated to the US due to hardships such as political revolutions and agricultural failures Massive numbers of Germans poured into America between up until 1860 with an abundance of belongings, ready for a new life Flare-ups of Antiforeignism Antiforeignism arose as millions of immigrants poured into the countryRead MoreForces Between Nationalism and Sectionalism in the 19th Century2181 Words   |  9 PagesWhat events or trends contributed to the relationship between the forces of Nationalism and Sectionalism? During the course of American History, and especially after the War for Independence, Nationalism and Sectionalism contributed and interacted with each other to shape the development of the United States of America. These two ideologies are the inverse of one another. When sectionalism is strong, nationalism is weak. When Nationalism is strong, sectionalism is weak. While sectionalism and nationalismRead MoreThe World Of Trade And Business, The Industrial Revolution Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesName Institution Course Unit Lecturer Date Introduction In the world of trade and business, the industrial revolution is a period in which most of the modern global economic superpowers established their foundation. This was a period between the 18th and the 19th centuries in which rural, agrarian societies in America and Europe were transformed and became urban and industrial. Prior to this period that began in Britain; the manufacturing was mainly done in homes through hand tools and other basicRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution : New Objects, Materials, And Technology1341 Words   |  6 Pagesimpactful as the Industrial Revolution. The industrial revolution produced new objects, materials, and technology fulfilling many purposes. In 1750 a shift occurred and design became a profession, which resulted in a crossover between design and art. The growth of manufacturing resulted in the rise factories and a shift from an agrarian society to an urban industrial one one. England was a powerful manufacturing state due to natural resources su ch as coal. Following the war of 1812, reduced politicalRead MoreSecuring A Republican Political Economy2159 Words   |  9 PagesTom Brancato History 531E Analytic Essay 1 Securing a Republican Political Economy Introduction American political economy was greatly shaped by the republican ideas of people like Thomas Jefferson. It is sometimes easy to take the simplistic view of a republic to mean the creation of a self-governing group of people. As McCoy points out, â€Å"To men of the eighteenth century the creation of a republic entailed much more than simply replacing a king and hereditary privilege with an elective systemRead MoreA Morsel Of Chocolate Through American History1679 Words   |  7 PagesTo inform my audience how chocolate has been a part of American History. Central Idea: Chocolate has been a part of the United States’ history from the country’s earliest begins, through its expansion and growth, to the modern day America. Introduction: In 2013, the US chocolate sales topped $17 billion dollars. It should not be a surprise that chocolate is a snack that is consumed by a majority of Americans. Chocolate has been a part of our history since America’s birth. From the early settlersRead MoreThe French Indian War And The American Colonization Of North America1326 Words   |  6 Pages(salutary neglect) and they prospered until the French-Indian War (1754-1763). The spirit of independence cultivated in the American colonists during the past era was challenged by the heightened British presence after the French-Indian War. The colonists increasingly resented the high tariffs placed to eliminate British debt and the colonists protested the British until open rebellion was sparked at Lexington and Concord. The Revolutionary War started in 1775, when a small number of colonists, at first

Auditing and Assurance Actions and Interventions

Question: Discuss about the Auditing and Assurance for Actions and Interventions. Answer: Introduction: In the period of 2008, the entire world faced a crisis due to subprime mortgage that is to lend money to a group of people having difficulty maintaining the repayment schedule. This led to extensive financial and economic reform in the global market. Habib, A., Uddin Bhuiyan et al. (2013) mentioned that the prime reason of global financial crisis is that the majority of the US investors have lost confidence in the value of sub-prime mortgages that eventually caused liquidity crisis in the global market. As a result, it has induced US Federal Bank to inject huge amount of capital into the financial market (Geiger et al. 2013). It has made stock market highly volatile in nature that has made, which has created adverse impact on the confidence level of the investors even further (Mala and Chand 2012). The auditing includes proper evaluation of the financial statements to assess possible future impact on the market. In this report, the focus will be on the evaluation of auditor liability on the financial crisis. The report will focus on highlighting the organizations that faced challenges associated with the bankruptcy to provide a clear idea about the liability of the auditors. For that reason, the report will focus on different prime accounting firms like Lehman Brothers, Washington Mutual, Chrysler LLC and General Motors to highlight the liability of auditors on global financial crisis. The auditor liability and financial crisis: As per the article by Fratzscher (2012) financial crisis represent a situation, where a nation suddenly loses a significant amount of nominal value that not only results in banking panics but in recession also. Financial crisis can also be considered as an opportunity to rectify certain aspects of present financial system. A salient feature of the 2008 global financial crisis is that it has been developed by the financialisation of USA economy that has created abundance of credit in the market. As a result, it has influenced accounting firms to take excessive risks through several complex financial instruments. Therefore, it is necessary to identify any type of short-term solution solutions to reduce the amount of adverse impact of the global crisis. Now, auditors responsibility is to plan and perform different types of financial statements to provide an idea to counter the problems associated with global financial crisis. Haas and Lelyveld (2014) portrays that liability of financial auditors is related to the process through which it requires adjustments or corrections to be made on the financial statements. Therefore, auditors need to adopt several corresponding adjustments in the financial statements in an appropriate manner. Thus, it highlights the fact that auditors have direct liability regarding the compliance with reporting of accounts. In 2008, housing market in USA suffered significantly, as several sub-prime owners who have opted for sub-prime loans have identified that they were not able to meet their required mortgage repayment (Geiger et al. 2013). Many studies have highlighted that the value of homes have dropped in a significant manner that are creating negative equity for the borrowers. As a result, huge numbers of home loan borrowers have defaulted on loans, which were influenced financial institutions to repossess all the lands and houses. It has directly increased the liquidity crisis issues that banks have to face at that point of time. This sub-prime lending bubble bursts are commonly referred as credit crunch (Krishnan and Zhang 2014). The collapse of housing loans in the USA market is primarily referred to as the trigger for the financial crisis. For that reason, many studies have highlighted the significance of better regulations in the financial systems to handle such type of issues in an appropria te manner. Specifically, 2008 financial crisis has highlighted the fact that rules and regulation had to be implemented in the financial system to discourage any type of unscrupulous lending in an effective way. As per the article by Erkens, Hung and Matos (2012), prime reason for the financial crisis in the home loan market is that the auditors have neglected the unstructured lending procedure. As a result, it has helped different financial organizations to focus on utilizing unstructured lending procedure. Furthermore, auditors have faced huge amount of criticism related to independence of audits, as they seeks for their self-interest. Dimitriou, Kenourgios and Simos (2013) have highlighted the fact that auditors responsibilities are significantly augmented at the time of global financial crisis. The dominance of biggest four auditors Ernst Young, KPMG, PWC and Deloitte have increased the probability of restricted competition and choice in the global market. The auditors had to pass judgement on some of the practices, which caused the huge losses that lead to government bailouts. However, Cukierman (2013) have highlighted that the auditors were not involved in many of the prime causes of the crisis that includes investing decisions, bad lending, flaws in credit-rating system and lack of understanding of risks. Thus, it highlights the fact that auditors are not responsible for the dumb business moves of the business entities. In fact, auditors just make sure that the moves are not disclosed properly. It has been assessed that accounting firms were at the heart of the 2008 financial crisis. As a result, it has also created massive impact on the relationship between organizations and their auditors. In fact, the financial crisis in 2008 has induced organizations to audit the financial statement to prevent any type of errors or fraud cases in an appropriate way. As per the article by Taylor (2013), each big auditing firm had clients that needed lot of government bailouts or blew up or questionable practices at the time of crisis. Therefore, auditing firms has to face different types of pressure at the time of suggesting the right path for clients. Furthermore, auditing standards also needs auditors to perform all the responsibilities of auditing procedure designed to achieve proper audience evidence so that it can fulfil all the requirements in an appropriate manner. Impact of global financial crisis on prime accounting firms: As mentioned earlier, 2008 global financial crisis has their prime impacts on several accounting firms. Different accounting firms have struggled to maintain their profit at the expected level for countering the adverse impact of financial crisis in an effective way. Organizations like General Motors, Washington Mutual and Chrysler LLC has faced huge amount of challenges to sustain its position in the market (Antonia Garca-Benau, Sierra-Garcia and Zorio 2013). However, the adverse impact of 2008 financial crisis has its maximum effect on Lehman Brothers, as it had to dissolve from the market. The details of the global financial crisis impact are provided as follows: Impact of financial crisis on Lehman Brothers: Lehman Brothers was a global financial services provider that has been declared bankrupt in 2008 due to financial crisis. The organization was considered as the fourth largest investment bank in USA. As the organization prospered over the decades in the US economy, it has become an international powerhouse. However, Lehman Brothers has to face different types of challenges in order to conducting the business in an appropriate manner. In the year of 2004, housing market in USA has seen boom or bubble in a significant manner (Baxter et al. 2013). As a result, Lehman Brothers have acquired five mortgage lenders namely Aurora loan services and BNC Mortgage that are specialized in providing loans for the housing market. The acquisition strategy of Lehman Brothers have initially provided huge amount of revenues in the capital market. As a result, Lehman Brothers have grown comparatively faster than any other asset management or investment banking organizations. In 2006, Lehman Brother has mortgaged around $146 billion, which is around 10% higher than the previous year. However, during the period of 2005 to 2007, Lehman Brothers have maintained consistent profit level (Sikka 2015). However, as the credit crisis has happened in the market, two Bear Stearns hedge funds has failed very badly. As a result, Lehman Brothers stock has felt very sharply, which has induced organization to eliminate around 2500 mortgage related jobs. Furthermore, it also has induced Lehman Brothers to shut down its BNC unit. As per the article by Chodorow-Reich (2014) Lehman Brothers have underwrote more mortgage backed securities compared to any other organization, accumulating around $85 billion portfolio, which four time more of its shareholders equity. During the last quarter of 2007, global market equity has reached new highs that have temporarily rebound the entire fixed income assets. As per the article by Bengtsson (2013) high degree of leverage and huge amount of portfolio mortgage securities has made businesses of Lehman Brothers increasingly vulnerable. After the collapse of Bear Stearns, the share value of Lehman Brothers have fell around 48%, which has unstable the business the entire business procedure. However, Lehman Brother has issued preferred stock to recover around $4 billion through the market. Haldane (2013) has mentioned that Lehman Brothers have made several unsuccessful overtures to the different potential partners. The Stock level fall around 77% in the first week of September 2008, that has induced organizations towards the dissolve situation. Thus, the bottom line is that the collapse of Lehman Brothers has continued for weeks in the financial market (Habib, Uddin Bhuiyan and Islam 2013). It highlighted the fact that auditors of the organization has able to provide very little clue regarding the future challenges of utilizing unstructured lending process. Impact of financial crisis on other prime accounting firms: As per the article by Xu et al. (2013) Lehman Brothers is not the only accounting firm that has affected by the global financial crisis. In fact, it has created adverse impact on almost all the top accounting firms in a major way. For instance, Washington Mutual along with all its subsidiaries has to face bankruptcy on September 26, 2008. The organization has been delisted from the trading of New York stock exchange immediately. Washington Mutual has able to sustain just one more week compared to Lehman Brothers are global financial crisis has changed the business environment. Thus, it has highlighted the fact that the auditors have not performed all their responsibilities in an appropriate way. Many studies have highlighted accounting inadequacies and problems as the prime issue for the two prime accounting firm dissolved process (Dias et al. 2016). The failure of auditing industry to highlight the banking crisis is regarded as one of the prime reasons of financial crisis happens in 2008. For instance, Lehman Brothers auditor Ernst and Young was very much aware about the Repo 105 practice but has not questioned Lehmans failure to disclose publicly. Similarly, PWC and AIG auditor also has practiced similar type of strategies that eventually increases the magnitude of global financial crisis. As a result, the entire risk management procedure of auditors during the risk management procedure has been questioned in a significant manner. Geiger, Raghunandan and Riccardi (2013) have mentioned that it is not right to blame auditors only regarding the occurrence of global financial crisis. Furthermore, the global crisis has created new challenges for the auditors like indefinite-lived intangible assets, recorded values of goodwill and other long-lived assets at the time of financial crisis. For that reason, it has become necessary for the auditors to test client organizations decision regarding the measurement and timing of specific items to avoid any type of failure to detect misstatements of materials properly. Due to the significance of global financial crisis, Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) has tried to evaluate all the audit risk areas affected by financial and economical crisis so that it can reduce the adverse impact of financial crisis in an appropriate way. As per the article by Kakabadse et al. (2013) several macroeconomic factors like low inflation, low interest rate, high risk taking and growing imbalance have played major role in financial crisis occurred in 2008. Thus, it has been assessed the auditors have not able to measure all these factors in an appropriate way. For that reason, financial institutions or investment banks have unable to get any idea regarding the possible future challenges. In fact, organizations like Lehman brother, general Motors and Washington Mutual are actually focusing on to invest more or taking on more market risks to gain competitive advantage in the market (Liu, Uchida and Yang 2012). The initiated high-risk strategies of these organizations have provided huge amount of profits at the initial stages. For that reason, these organizations have felt that the market is growing in a huge way. Thus, they have failed to identify the bubble burst impact completely, which can be described as the failure of the auditors. Recommendations: The above discussion has highlighted the fact that auditors have failed to fulfil all their responsibilities in an appropriate manner, which has increases the magnitude of financial crisis. Therefore, it has become necessary for the auditors to focus on the development of specific strategy for the clients so that they do not have to face such consequences in future. For instance, all the auditors need to be prohibited from any type of tax advisory services, internal audit and advice to the risk committee. Furthermore, the financial crisis in 2008 has highlighted the fact that presence of only four major players in the auditing industry has increases the probability of improper utilization of financial statements, which has increased the probability of financial crisis. Therefore, it is necessary for the global economy to provide opportunity to the small or medium auditing firms to balance demand and supply side in an effective way. Therefore, it will reduce the amount of risk associa ted with the audit concentration process. Thus, development of competitive market in the auditing industry can be beneficial. Auditors can opt for providing accurate information to local communal for three prong strategies that are- easy credit and cheaper dollars, lower interest and lower taxes. It s evident that as soon as the dollars become cheap, housing sector started purchasing estates and other products that on the other hand enhances the recruitment in many sectors like in construction industry for formulating buildings. Auditors are also liable for overseeing a company's internal controls in order to prevent misstatements or fraud. In the given scenario, it might be the case that the auditors do not inform the banking companies whether they had sufficient internal controls regarding giving loans to communal. Thus, auditors are recommended to remain unbiased and share all the crucial information realted to internal monetary controls according to the economy of the nation. Conclusion: mAfter the evaluation of the scale of the global financial crisis and its impact on the taxpayers in different countries, the role of the accountants and auditors should be questioned. The 2008 global financial crisis has highlighted the fact that auditors have not performed their responsibilities at the desired level, which has caused billions of assets in the global economy. Despite that, not a single business unit has argued that audit itself is an unnecessary process for the larger companies. An example of the impact of the financial crisis is seen on Lehman Brothers, who struggled to maintain their profit at the expected level. The challenges from the financial crisis are that several organizational had to face difficulty in sustaining their position and some of them had to dissolve from the market. It is also concluded form the assignment that Lehman Brothers acquired five mortgage lenders and some of the lenders like BNC unit performed poorly that results in complete shutdown of the unit and falling of the share value. In fact, ACCA believe that role of auditors is going to increase further after the occurrence of global financial crisis. It highlighted the fact that auditors need to play significant role in developing trust regarding the financial statement of the organizations so that investors can invest larger amount in an appropriate manner. For that reason, competition level in the auditing industry needs to be extended to a certain level so that all the business entities feel the importance of highlighting the actual picture in front of public. References: Antonia Garca-Benau, M., Sierra-Garcia, L. and Zorio, A., 2013. Financial crisis impact on sustainability reporting.Management decision,51(7), pp.1528-1542. Baxter, R., Bedard, J.C., Hoitash, R. and Yezegel, A., 2013. Enterprise risk management program quality: Determinants, value relevance, and the financial crisis.Contemporary Accounting Research,30(4), pp.1264-1295. Bengtsson, E., 2013. Shadow banking and financial stability: European money market funds in the global financial crisis.Journal of International Money and Finance,32, pp.579-594. Chodorow-Reich, G., 2014. The employment effects of credit market disruptions: Firm-level evidence from the 20089 financial crisis.The Quarterly Journal of Economics,129(1), pp.1-59. Cukierman, A., 2013. Monetary policy and institutions before, during, and after the global financial crisis.Journal of Financial Stability,9(3), pp.373-384. Dias, A., Dias, A., Rodrigues, L.L., Rodrigues, L.L., Craig, R. and Craig, R., 2016. Global financial crisis and corporate social responsibility disclosure.Social Responsibility Journal,12(4), pp.654-671. Dimitriou, D., Kenourgios, D. and Simos, T., 2013. Global financial crisis and emerging stock market contagion: A multivariate FIAPARCHDCC approach.International Review of Financial Analysis,30, pp.46-56. Erkens, D.H., Hung, M. and Matos, P., 2012. Corporate governance in the 20072008 financial crisis: Evidence from financial institutions worldwide.Journal of Corporate Finance,18(2), pp.389-411. Fratzscher, M., 2012. Capital flows, push versus pull factors and the global financial crisis.Journal of International Economics,88(2), pp.341-356. Geiger, M.A., Raghunandan, K. and Riccardi, W., 2013. The global financial crisis: US bankruptcies and going-concern audit opinions.Accounting Horizons,28(1), pp.59-75. Haas, R. and Lelyveld, I., 2014. Multinational banks and the global financial crisis: Weathering the perfect storm?.Journal of Money, Credit and Banking,46(s1), pp.333-364. Habib, A., Uddin Bhuiyan, B. and Islam, A., 2013. Financial distress, earnings management and market pricing of accruals during the global financial crisis.Managerial Finance,39(2), pp.155-180. Haldane, A.G., 2013. Rethinking the financial network. InFragile stabilittstabile fragilitt(pp. 243-278). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Kakabadse, A., Kouzmin, A., Kakabadse, N.K. and Mouraviev, N., 2013. Auditing Moral Hazards for the Post-Global Financial Crisis (GFC) Leadership. InState Crimes Against Democracy(pp. 79-106). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Krishnan, G.V. and Zhang, Y., 2014. Is there a relation between audit fee cuts during the global financial crisis and banks financial reporting quality?.Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,33(3), pp.279-300. Liu, C., Uchida, K. and Yang, Y., 2012. Corporate governance and firm value during the global financial crisis: Evidence from China.International Review of Financial Analysis,21, pp.70-80. Mala, R. and Chand, P., 2012. Effect of the global financial crisis on accounting convergence.Accounting Finance,52(1), pp.21-46. Sikka, P., 2015, March. The corrosive effects of neoliberalism on the UK financial crises and auditing practices: A dead-end for reforms. InAccounting Forum(Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 1-18). Elsevier. Taylor, J.B., 2013.Getting off track: How government actions and interventions caused, prolonged, and worsened the financial crisis. Hoover Press. Xu, Y., Carson, E., Fargher, N. and Jiang, L., 2013. Responses by Australian auditors to the global financial crisis.Accounting Finance,53(1), pp.301-338.

Cloning Is Ethically And Morally Wrong Essays - Cloning,

Cloning is Ethically and Morally Wrong Matchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free trial. Date Smarter! Cloning is Ethically and Morally Wrong The question shakes us all to our very souls. For humans to consider the cloning of one another forces them all to question the very concepts of right and wrong that make them all human. The cloning of any species, whether they be human or non-human, is ethically and morally wrong. Scientists and ethicists alike have debated the implications of human and non-human cloning extensively since 1997 when scientists at the Roslin Institute in Scotland produced Dolly. No direct conclusions have been drawn, but compelling arguments state that cloning of both human and non-human species results in harmful physical and psychological effects on both groups. The following issues dealing with cloning and its ethical and moral implications will be addressed: cloning of human beings would result in severe psychological effects in the cloned child, and that the cloning of non-human species subjects them to unethical or moral treatment for human needs. The possible physical damage that could be done if human cloning became a reality is obvious when one looks at the sheer loss of life that occurred before the birth of Dolly. Less than ten percent of the initial transfers survive to be healthy creatures. There were 277 trial implants of nuclei. Nineteen of those 277 were deemed healthy while the others were discarded. Five of those nineteen survived, but four of them died within ten days of birth of sever abnormalities. Dolly was the only one to survive (Fact: Adler 1996). If those nuclei were human, "the cellular body count would look like sheer carnage" (Logic: Kluger 1997). Even Ian Wilmut, one of the scientists accredited with the cloning phenomenon at the Roslin Institute agrees, "the more you interfere with reproduction, the more danger there is of things going wrong" (Expert Opinion). The psychological effects of cloning are less obvious, but none the less, very plausible. In addition to physical harms, there! are worries about the psychological harms on cloned human children. One of those harms is the loss of identity, or sense of uniqueness and individuality. Many argue that cloning crates serious issues of identity and individuality and forces humans to consider the definition of self. Gilbert Meilaender commented on the importance of genetic uniqueness not only to the child but to the parent as well when he appeared before the National Bioethics Advisory Commission on March 13, 1997. He states that "children begin with a kind of genetic independence of [the parent]. They replicate neither their father nor their mother. That is a reminder of the independence that [the parent] must eventually grant them...To lose even in principle this sense of the child as a gift will not be good for the children" (Expert Opinion). Others look souly at the child, like philosopher Hans Jonas. He suggests that humans have an inherent "right to ignorance" or a quality of "separateness." Hum! an cloning, in which there is a time gap between the beginning of the lives of the earlier and later twin, is fundamentally different from homozygous twins that are born at the same time and have a simultaneous beginning of their lives. Ignorance of the effect of one's genes on one's future is necessary for the spontaneous construction of life and self (Jonas 1974). Human cloning is obviously damaging to both the family of and the cloned child. It is harder to convince that non-human cloning is wrong and unethical, but it is just the same. The cloning of a non-human species subjects them to unethical treatment purely for human needs (Expert Opinion: Price 97). Western culture and tradition has long held the belief that the treatment of animals should be guided by different ethical standards than the treatment of humans. Animals have been seen as non feeling and savage beasts since time began. Humans in general have no problem with seeing animals as objects to be used whenever it becomes necessary. But what would happen if humans started to use animals as body for growing human organs? Where is the line drawn between human and non human? If a primate was cloned so that it grew human lungs, liver, kidneys, and heart., what would it then be? What if we were to learn how to clone functioning brains and have them grow inside of chimps? Would non-human primates, such as a chimpanzee, who carried one or more human genes via transgenic technology, be defined as still a chimp, a human, a subhuman, or something else? If defined as human,

Sample Query Letters

Sample Query Letters Sample Query Letters Sample Query Letters By Maeve Maddox Reader Blaine asks Does anyone out there know of a website or a book with a lot of sample query letters? The question comes just as Im studying this guide to marketing a novel: The Sell Your Novel Tool Kit: Everything You Need to Know About Queries, Synopses, Marketing, and Breaking In by Elizabeth Lyon. The book was recommended to me by a colleague for the very reason that it contains numerous sample fiction queries. Chapter Six defines the query and offers step-by-step instructions for writing one: Queries Defined Lead Model Query Letter Body Closing Style Types and Uses Chapter Seven provides 15 examples of actual letters. Several genres are represented, including Literary Historical Christian Adventure Mystery Suspense Fantasy Romance Childrens 9-12 So far Im finding Lyons book extremely helpful as I prepare to market a mystery novel of my own. When Im ready to do something with one of my non-fiction projects, Ill have a look at her other guide: Nonfiction Book Proposals Anybody Can Write. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Farther vs. FurtherBetween vs. In BetweenDozen: Singular or Plural?

Violations under American Disability Act Case Study

Violations under American Disability Act - Case Study Example The foregoing violations shall be discussed individually. First, the American Disability Act (ADA) â€Å"applies to disabilities that affect a major life activity, and those areas of coverage are vision, mental and motor skills, ability to care for one’s self and commute to employment†. In the case of Miss Clark, the fact that she is blind has been known to the company for a long time, as she holds the Vice-President position. Even though she is suffering from visual impairment, it did not prevent her from fulfilling her duties and responsibilities as the Vice-President of the company. However, due to her physical disability, the company refused to promote her to the position of Senior Vice-President because they think that she is not capable enough to carry-out the functions of an SVP. In spite of this physical defect, she has remained loyal to the company and worked for them in several years. Without a doubt, there is a clear violation of the law when the employer pre vented the career advancement of Miss Clark by denying her of the position of the Senior Vice-President. ... f the major life activities of such individual; Second: A record of such impairment, or being regarded as having such impairment; and Third: Accordingly, to fall within this definition, one must have an actual disability, have a record of disability or be regarded of having one. Verily, in the light of the justifications provided by law, Miss Clark has a valid cause of action against her employer as the above requisites have been complied with and she can file a claim against her employer. The employers must take judicial of the fact that both the state laws and the federal laws give protection to employees who have been victims of discrimination because of a disability, and entitles them to file claims for damages. This is pursuant to the principle of â€Å"disparate treatment enunciated in the case of Raytheon Vs. Hernandez (540 U.S. 44 (2003)  298 F.3d 1030), where the Supreme Court held that in addition that disparate impact claims are also available to workers based on facial ly neutral policies that impact qualified individuals with disabilities differently than workers without disabilities†. Another glaring violation committed by her employer is against the provisions of â€Å"The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or ERISA. The law was enacted to â€Å"protect the employees’ justified expectation of receiving the benefits their employers promise them, and ensures that employees will not be left empty-handed once employers have guaranteed them certain benefits upon retirement† (Bennet-Alexander and Hartman 742). Under ERISA, Miss Clark has a legal standing to sue her employer for illegally termination when she was forced to resign and accept diminished retirement benefit package being offered by the company, which she later on refused for violations

International assignment training for Pakistan Term Paper

International assignment training for Pakistan - Term Paper Example It is not difficult to distinguish between the people of Pakistan from a large number of Americans. The reason is their different and unique cultures. Pakistani people have distinguishing dressing patterns, living style and traditions which are not present in the American culture. Pakistan is one of the biggest Islamic countries and hence, Islamic teachings are reflected in every way of their life (Abbott, 1968). In Pakistan, male children are given priority over the females. This discrimination among the children covers a vast area of their lives. Male members are given priority when it comes to the availability of education, financial support, dressing and entertainment stuff (like toys, games, Computers, cell phones etc.), food etc. Brothers, fathers and husbands are normally considered as the head of their families. Head of the family takes all important decisions about the house and lives of the family members. Pakistani children are taught to respect their elders and women are strictly directed to follow the decisions and respect the opinions of the head of their families. Religious strictness forces the Pakistani women to stay out of sight of male counterparts of the society (Bano, 1994). Men are supposed to help their families financially. They are given proper guidance since their childhood about their responsibilities to the family. It can be said that when Pakistani children grow up they are fully aware of the fact that it is their duty to support their family financially and morally. However, on the other hand, American people face less or no discrimination on the basis of gender as Shelly’s Frankenstein suggests in the portrayal of the monster’s desire to have an opposite sex companion. Children are given proper education, food, opportunities to grow confidence and are provided with the sense of independence. They are taught to distinguish between rights and wrongs of the society. Females are not forced to adopt and accept the decisio ns of their male counterparts. As they grow up and enter their teenage life, they start feeling and using their independence. However, they may misuse this freedom by adopting negative attitudes of the society. American teenagers are more likely to involve in alcohol misuse, drug addiction, smoking etc. Youngsters drink alcoholic beverages for fun and fashion purposes but afterward they get addicted to it. The exposure of alcohol and drinking to youngsters and young adults is evident in their literature as Hamlet’s refusal to kill his step father suggests when he was praying. His revenge wanted him to kill his father’s murderer when he was busy in negative or prohibited activities like drinking, sexual relationships and so on. These habits change their attitudes towards their family, friends, studies and responsibilities. They create a severe risk to their lives and future. However, once they enter their adulthood, normally they are not answerable to their elders unlik e Pakistanis. However, it always depends on the way they are brought up. There are no restrictions on the American women to keep themselves away or hidden from the male counterparts of the society. They have equal rights to employment, education, health facilities and career selection. American culture and laws are strict against

Friedrich Nietzsche’s Thus Spake Zarathustra (1883) Essay Example for Free

Friedrich Nietzsche’s Thus Spake Zarathustra (1883) Essay In the Prologue section of Friedrich Nietzsche’s ‘Thus Spake Zarathustra’, he spoke of a thirty-year-old man named Zarathustra who goes into the wilderness where he stays for ten years taking pleasure in his solitude.   When he decides to be in contact with the people again and ‘go under’, Zarathustra starts to share what he has learned over the past ten years.   He tells about a Superman, saying that man is born to be between a beast and a Superman. Man should be able to overcome this state, yet the road is very dangerous.    He preaches that man should utterly focus on this life and not the life after death.   He should hold in contempt things like happiness, reason, virtue, justice, or pity.   As man is becoming more and more tame and domesticated, then the last man on earth will all be alike like a herd of animals.   They shall be afraid of danger and peril, which will lead to self-destruction.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the Zarathustra Prologue, Nietzsche speaks about a crisis that is being shared by the existing humanity—the crisis of being contented with comfort alone; being as comfortable and contented as to resist the utilization of strong, positive goals in one’s existence.   Each section of ‘Thus Spake Zarathustra’ carries with it essential points to consider, especially the Prologue section and Parts 1-3.   What are these essential points?   How do they all blend together to come up with the whole thought or proclamation of Nietzsche?   In the end, we shall come up with the answers to these questions, together with the essential points that create Nietzsche’s preaching of nihilism.   In this world of materialism and nihilism (as Nietzsche declared), is God really dead? Main Body The Crisis of Existing Humanity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the Prologue section of ‘Thus Spake Zarathustra,’ Nietzsche speaks about a crisis that lingers in all of humanity today.   Zarathustra speaks that saints are too proud and love only God and not men, as stated in the lines: â€Å"Now I love God: men, I do not love.   Man is a thing too imperfect for me.   Love to man would be fatal to me† (Nietzsche 21).   He also stated that acts of charity should go after acts of beseech: â€Å"If, however, thou wilt give unto them, give them no more than an alms, and let them also beg for it† (Nietzsche 21).   This points out that acts of charity are done for the sake of pride and self-worthiness.   When Zarathustra speaks that â€Å"God is dead† (Nietzsche 22), he meant that God does not exist in this world anymore, even on people whom we think should have made God more alive. Secondly, Zarathustra speaks that people have made a shame of themselves: â€Å"Ye have made your way from the worm to man, and much within you is still worm.   Once were ye apes, and even yet man is more of an ape than any of the apes† (Nietzsche 22).   He preaches that the way to go is to be the Superman, which Zarathustra speaks as â€Å"the meaning of the earth† (Nietzsche 22) and the â€Å"herald of the lightning, †¦ a heavy drop out of the cloud† (Nietzsche 25). People are in crisis because much of life is centered on life after death and not on the present life on earth.   Happiness, reason, virtue, justice, and pity appear to be useless and should not be centered on, since self-satisfaction of men is being slaughtered, while men cry to heaven for answers to satisfaction, which should only be found on earth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thirdly, Zarathustra speaks that â€Å"Man is a rope stretched between the animal and the Superman—a rope over an abyss† (Nietzsche 24).   There is crisis and peril in trying to go through the rope—the present state of man that should be defeated and prevailed over.   Man has succeeded in transforming itself from a beast to a man, yet there is another significant task for a man—to transform itself from a man to a Superman.   However, the people do not yet understand: â€Å"There they stand †¦ there they laugh: they understand me not†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Nietzsche 25). For this, Zarathustra starts to speak of the ‘last man’ because people are becoming too content and comfortable with their lives they do not see the need to have strong, positive goals anymore.   Zarathustra proclaims that, if this will not change, time will come when the trees and the soil will bear no trees; when man will not see a reason to long for and dream; and when man will no longer be capable of giving birth to a star (Nietzsche 26). This inability of the last man to create something that is beyond himself would make the earth smaller and smaller, and the last man becoming weaker and weaker†¦ becoming lazier as days go by.   If man is to surpass the crisis that is in the midst, then he should surpass the rope of being a man and learn how to become a Superman. The Principal Parts of the Last Man’s Soul   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Zarathustra, man is not made up of body and soul; rather, that he is composed only of the body that, on the other hand, is made up of the spirit and the ego, which common people call the ‘soul’ (Nietzsche 40-41).   Zarathustra preaches that the ego is—not said—but done (Nietzsche 41).   It is the ego that gives a sense of feeling, while it is the spirit, conversely, that discerns what is to be done considering the ego.    These two, the spirit and the ego, continuously attach to one another over one’s existence: â€Å"What the sense feeleth, what the spirit discerneth, hath never its end in itself† (Nietzsche 41).   Behind the senses of the ego and the spirit is the Self (or the body), which â€Å"seeketh with the eyes of the senses, it hearkeneth also with the ears of the spirit† (Nietzsche 41); yet it appears that the Self is the master of the senses of ego and spirit, as reflected in the following lines: The Self saith unto the ego: Feel pain!   And thereupon it suffereth, and thinketh how it may put an end thereto—and for that very purpose it is meant to think.   The Self saith unto the ego: Feel pleasure!   Thereupon it rejoiceth, and thinketh how it may ofttimes rejoice—and for that very purpose it is meant to think. (41)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      In relation to the crisis, this ordering of the principle parts of the last man’s soul leads one to think that the Self is really in the soul, which is not true, according to Zarathustra (since there is no soul).   The Self is in the body, and for those who say that Self is in the soul, they are called ‘despisers of the body’ who despise because of their esteem (Nietzsche 41).   Through the body, there is spirit; and through the spirit, there is worth and will.   The Self, however, should be made to do what it desires most—to be that which is beyond itself†¦ to be a Superman on earth!   To be a Superman needs a special kind of selfishness—the healthy and holy type of selfishness that â€Å"constrain[s] all things to flow towards you and into you, so that they shall flow back again out of your fountain as the gifts of your love† (Nietzsche 76). In this selfishness there is no lust or craving but true virtue that elevates the body and enraptures the spirit (Nietzsche 76).   This new virtue brings power and knowledge through what he calls the ‘Will to Power’.   This is what drives the powerful into wanting obedience and change.   Zarathustra calls it â€Å"the unexhausted, procreating life-will† (Nietzsche 108), and together with worth and will, this is also what the last man lacks nowadays.   People are unaware of the healthy and holy selfishness, which is why he cannot create beyond himself. The Way to Redemption   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Zarathustra, as a teacher, tries to correct the conflicting understanding of these notions by doing the following: first, by finding his own disciples and teaching them before sending them on their own to find their Will to Power and virtue, which should both be overflowing in order for them to preach or share it with others; and second, by preaching to the most uncommon men (i.e., hunchback, the cripples, the blind men) who live apart from the rest of the people. However, because man has turned his back against the Will to Power, Zarathustra claims that there is suffering on earth as penalty for the negligence: â€Å"Everything perisheth, therefore everything deserveth to perish† (Nietzsche 132).   Yet the past is past.   Even the Will to Power has no power to bring back time; thus, there is suffering.   But there is what is called ‘courage’ that slays giddiness, suffering, and death (Nietzsche 143).   As stated, â€Å"Courage, however, is the best slayer, courage which attacketh† (Nietzsche 143).   By possessing courage, man is on his way to redemption to find his Will to Power and his virtue, for the Self to find its worth and will in the spirit.   At that moment, he will have the power to create beyond himself—a being that even death, giddiness, and suffering is unable to tear down. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"[T]ruth is always on the side of the more difficult.† –Friedrich Nietzsche in his letter to his sister, 1865 (NietzscheKaufmann 29)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Nietzsche’s ‘Thus Spake Zarathustra,’ he speaks about a crisis that is being shared by the existing humanity.   There is crisis because of the following essential points: first, the non-existence of God in this world; second, the centering on life after death; third, the suffering of self-satisfaction; fourth, the longing for contentment and comfort; fifth, the lack of strong, positive goals and courage; sixth and last, having a smaller world with weaker men.   With the Self as the master of the ego and the spirit, a man should not despise his body because of esteem, especially that it is the body that builds the spirit, which then builds both worth and will. Without the body, there is no spirit, worth, will, and the ego.   To be a Superman is to be selfish enough to gain in knowledge and in power, yet how can all be possible without virtue and Will to Power?   To have Will to Power in a changing and suffering world, however, there is a drastic need for courage.   This is the way to the redemption of mankind†¦ to have the courage in wiping away suffering and pain, which has been inflicted on mankind as penalty for its negligence.   Despite the past being irrevocable, man will no longer fall to self-destruction, as he has learned to go well beyond himself. Works Cited Nietzsche, Friedrich.   Thus Spake Zarathustra.   Translated by Thomas Common.   University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University, 1999. Nietzsche, Friedrich, and Walter Kaufmann.   The Portable Nietzsche.   New York, NY: Penguin Group, Inc., 1977.

Alexander the Great Essay -- essays research papers

Alexander was born in July 356 B.C. to Philip II and his third wife, Olympias. The parents were far from a happy couple, and Alexander was raised primarily under the influence of his mother. At the age of thirteen, he was sent to study with Aristotle—an education that was for the most part formal. Aristotle promoted the belief that non-Greeks were naturally slaves, thus encouraging the prince's thirst for conquest. Ultimately, however, Alexander would reject this belief, at least implicitly, as he attempted to cooperate with the Persians even as he subjugated them. Returning to Macedonia after three years, Alexander soon had the opportunity to prove his strength in battle, as he subdued rebellions and contributed to his father's famous victory over Athens and Thebes at Chaeronea. But when Philip divorced Olympias and married Cleopatra, Alexander began to fear that his father was looking for a new heir, and the father and son had a falling out. Their dispute was shortly resolved, but both remained suspicious of the other. Indeed, Philip was soon assassinated by a guard who presumably had a personal grievance, though Alexander and his mother are traditionally thought to have played some kind of role in Philip's death. Alexander thus succeeded to the throne and began the inevitable dynastic purging of enemies. At the same time, he had to force the other Greek city-states to acknowledge his authority as Hegemon of the Hellenic League, which Philip had established. In doing so,...

The Narrative of Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca

Cabeza de Vaca, the treasurer of an expedition from Spain was shipwrecked and was ultimately forced to trek several miles by natives of Hernan Cortes. Cabeza de Vaca survived by learning the language of the natives and serving them as their physician. After eight years of living with them, he imbibed the culture of the native people in the area, developed an affinity with them such that his rescue from them was not quite a welcome treat for him.He and his 600 men meandered along the interior of New Spain but they ended up to only 4 men on the journey. This compassion for the natives is quite interesting as we see how he changed his ways and some beliefs about. There are many answers to this question. Some say that maybe De Vaca truly began to respect the natives’ ways. But in the context of the work, I believe this is nothing more than an extended case of Stockholm syndrome.It shows more the changes that he experienced with the natives over the course of his years in America s uch that he has been smitten by the natives (Societal Stockholm Syndrome). What is Stockholm Syndrome? This term was used during the early 70s to denote the different reactions of bank employees to the people who hostaged them. This happened when three women and one man was hostaged in one of the largest banks in Stockholm. Instead of completely resisting these ex-convicts, the captives even resisted the government’s efforts to rescue them.They had developed an affinity with the men. It may seem puzzling at first, but when one looks at this to explain what Cabeza de Vaca experienced with the natives, one can readily say that it was largely due to the fact that the Cabeza had developed compassion to the natives who also showed him kindness while they kept him prisoner (Societal Stockholm Syndrome). In sharing of himself and what he knows as a physician, his giving was also his receiving. At such time, giving is its own reward.He was with the natives at those times in a way he will never forget, even if they were to meet again after being separated. Sharing with love and caring comes when one gives freely of himself and what he has, and one reciprocates the kindness. This is gleaned all over his writings as illustrated in one of the Chapters where he recounts. â€Å"Then, supporting us under our arms, they hurried us from one to another of the four big fires they had built along the path.At each fire, when we regained a little warmth and strength, they took us on so swiftly our feet hardly touched ground. † (Cabeza de Vaca’s Adventures in the Unknown Interior of America). This seemed like being pampered guests instead of being captives. In any relationship, there are things one appreciates. If the relationship has much depth, such as what transpired in the narratives of Cabeza de Vaca, then, it was but natural for the Cabeza to be so involved with the activities of the natives. Telling them of his fears is as much a gift as telling them of h is appreciations.Sharing these feelings opened up the natives’ innate inclination toward elasticity and trust. Genuine concern for the welfare of the people in one’s life never takes the form of violence towards them as lived by the Cabeza. He did not use violence to gain his own ends and he even convinced himself that â€Å"it’s good for them† as when the natives initially became oppressive. It is difficult for one to acknowledge acts of violence and oppression for they are statements of one’s own feelings of incompetence.Perhaps the Cabeza knew that violence ultimately leads, in most cases, to results just the opposite of those it was intended to produce.REFERENCES Cabeza de Vaca’s Adventures in the Unknown Interior of America. Translated by Cyclone Covey. Retrieved May 29, 2007 at: http://www. ibiblio. org/eldritch/cdv/rel. htm#c19Castaway: The Narrative of Alvar Nunez Cageza de Vaca. University of California Press. September 23, 1993. So cietal Stockholm Syndrome. Retrieved May 29, 2007 at: http://web2. iadfw. net/ktrig246/out_of_cave/sss. html

Human Rights And International Law - 1961 Words

Human rights and international law are part of the global society. However, that was not the case in nineteen forty-five, these norms were to start to have to mean in the global society. In the last seventy years, has seen the development of trans-national movements for human rights and the building of international law. For international relations theories of realism, liberalism, and constructivism take different approaches to the development and continuation of these norms. Of the three theories constructivism, best explains the development of human rights and international law, and how these norms will continue in the next ten years. Realism Realist argues that states use human rights to their benefit, and to make themselves more†¦show more content†¦This supports realist s argument that international law simply is a tool for the power and that it represents the global balance of power. States are not influenced by constraining of international laws. States only create laws that are the ones they will enforce, rather, the underlying motivation for a state is their own self-interest and power relations. Realist has some valid points to view human rights and international law, however, it does not fully connect the relationships that are solo not part of the state. For example, on the issue of the lack of enforcement realist disregards the importance of Non-Governmental Organization, that help with enforcement of treaties. A recent case of this is Amnesty International report of the mass hanging and torture in a Syrian prison. States, also know that conquests of their actions. When states sign treaties, they know that they are giving up their sovereignty, and if sovereignty is the most important for states, why to put it at risk. However, this does not account for the ability and want of non-global powers to at in international law, through an organization like the United Nations. As well a lesser power to be part of the Security Council. Of the other theories liberalism, and constructivism held the non-state actor, and treaties with better reasoning. Liberalism It s is central to the argument of liberalism that human rights have allowed for states cooperation andShow MoreRelatedHuman Rights Gender Violence : A International Law Into Local Justice1223 Words   |  5 PagesSally Engle Merry’s book, â€Å"Human Rights Gender Violence: Translating International Law Into Local Justice,† attempts to show the relationship that exists between international rights and local culture. She tries to express the way in which local government complicates the issue of gender violence on a local level in regards to the norms that have begun to take shape on an international level. 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What is continually being attempted to understand is why Kissinger acted as he did towards Chile. The goal of stoppin g the spread of communism to Latin America is obvious in Kissinger’s actions, but why allow Pinochet to continue to receive United States support while he breaks International Human Rights Laws (Kornbluh 5)? To understand Kissinger’s actions toward